Machine for crushing or grinding.



G. H. FRASER.

MACHINE FOR CRUSHING 0R GRiNDING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29. 1915.

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

INVENTOR V w WITNESSES ml: mmms PETERS co.. EHomLnwa. vusumcmm a c.

GEORGE H. FRASER,

0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

. MACHINE FOB CRUSI-IING OE. GRINDING.

. Original application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. it), 191?. Renewed July 3, 1916, Serial No. 107,467.

Divided and this application filed June 29, 1915. Serial No. 36,965.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. FRASER, a citizen of the United siding in the borough of Brooklyn, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Crushing or Grinding, of which the following is a specification, being a division of my application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474.

This invention relates to machinery for crushing, grinding or pulverizing materials, and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

The invention relates more particularly to rock crushers of the type having a plurality of crushing rolls within an annular die in which the crushing is eflected between the periphery of the rolls and the inner face of the die. One example of this type of crusher is shown in the patent of H. L. Kent, granted May 7, 1901, No. 673,856, in which the die revolves and is held in position by the rolls, which latter are carried by shafts held in bearings at the outside of the casing, the bearings being carried by slideways and pressed outwardly by springs, so that the rolls may slide in and out radially of the ring. The top roll in this patent is shown as supporting the ring yieldingly, and the sliding frames carrying the shafts are of sectional construction, and both guide the shafts and transmit the crushing pressure from the springs to them.

My present invention aims to provide an improved crusher or pulverizer especially applicable to this general type.

To this end in carrying out my present invention in its preferred form, I provide an improved arrangement of die and rolls, improved means for carrying the roll shafts, improved means for guiding such shafts, means for transmitting all or part of the crusl'iing thrust from one roll to another so as to relieve the bearing pressure or the spring pressure in whole or in part, and various details of improvement in the construction and arrangement of the various parts of the crusher, all of which will be hereinafter more fully set forth with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a fragmentary side elevation of a pulverizer embodying the preferred form of States of America, re-

my invention, the view being partly broken away to show the yokes in mid-section.

Referring to the drawing, A is the casing, B is the ring or die, C, C and C are the crushing rolls, D, D and D are their shafts, E, E and E are their bearings, S, S and S are the crushing springs, and (Z, (Z1 and (Z are adjusting screws.

The casing incloses the ring and rolls and supports them. The top roll in the construction shown carries the ring'by acting against its inner face, and the other rolls press outwardly against the inner face to crush the rock between their peripheries and such face. Their pressure may be adjusted by the springs and adjusting screws. The ring and rolls are driven in any suitable manner, as by driving the shaft D for example. The feed delivers the rock on to the inner face of the ring, and the crushed rock flows off the sides of the ring and falls out through an opening j in the bottom of the casing. The casing is made sectional to permit opening, as by being constructed as a base or bottom shell or and a cover or top shell 5.

I will now describe in detail the preferred form of my improvements as illustrated in the drawing.

According to one feature of improvement, I 'uide the bearings for the several shafts by a swinging guide or pivotal connection, so that each can oscillate relatively to a predetermined axis if its movement radially of the ring is necessary. I prefer to so guide each shaft bearing, and to carry all from the sections of the casing, which for this purpose I provide with transverse bearings 0 0 in which are mounted shafts g the shaft 9 being connected to the bearing E by links G on opposite sides of the casing, and by links G to the bearings E so that each of these bearings is supported pivotally from its center, and the shaft 9 being connected by similar links G to the bearings ER, This connection permits the bearings to rock toward and from the center of the ring, but supports them against thrusts in the direction of drive ofthe ring, as well as in case of the lower bearings carrying part of their weight. The links are connected to the respective bearings by pins 6 traversing the ends of the links and holes in projections 7 on the bearings. The

links may be loosely connected to the shafts g 9 but I prefer to connect only the links G loosely, so that they can rock independently of each other, and to key or otherwise rigidly connect the links G and G to their shafts g and g respectively, so that these links and their shafts make a rigid frame extending around the casing, and insuring parallel movement of the bearings at opposite sides of the latter. This construr tion attains a more advantageous guidance of the roll shafts than heretofore, and provides a much simpler and more economical means for correctly guiding them.

According to another feature ment, 1 provide a rigid bearing frame preferably consisting of a single Ushaped ing or yoke i straddling the casing and rcceiving the ends of the shaft at opposite sides thereof, so that these ends are assured of parallel bearings, and the number of'parts necessary is reduced to the minimum. The bearing end 9' of each yoke is planed ano covered by a bearing cap 71:, and the projections f for the supporting links are preferably cast integ al with the end of the yoke so as to support the bearing instead of from the cap, although I may support it otherwise. Each yoke is a relatively heavy casting in order to give not only the strength necessary to rigidity, but the weight desirable to the necessary crushing pressure or inertia. Each yoke is preferably formed with a spring pocket Z for receiving the pressure spring, and has a screwthreaded aperture m for the corresponding adjusting screw. The spring pocket is formed in a central enlargement a on the outer side of the yoke, which is connected by a rib 0 and side flanges p with the bearing end j. The side flanges or legs of the yoke preferably converge'toward the center as seen in the drawing.

According to another feature of improvement 1 preferably mount the top shaft so it can be adjusted vertically and so it can move upwardly in case of abnormal stress.

To retain the top yoke against falling sidewise, I prefer to provide a guide carried yieldingly by the casing, as the u )wardly projecting guide 8. These guides loosely receive the yoke near its center and limit its motion in forward or rearward direction. For adjusting it vertically, I prefer to use an adjusting screw d screwing into its spring pocket Z, which screw may be adjusted di rectly or through suitable intermediate provisions to lift the yoke from the top casing. As shown, the casing is provided with a projection 25, which is cylindrical and has concave end. The projection 25 is similai to like projections t and t on the lower casing corresponding to the bearings D and D which projections on the casing are used as spring holdmg provisions for maintainof improvefrom the yoke ing the spring in proper relation to the yoke in each instance. These are preferably long enough to support the outer end of the yoke through the medium of the spring, in case this is desired. The washer 'v is identical with similar washers which are used between the adjusting screw and spring for each of the lower yokes.

Another feature of improvement consists in utilizing the weight on the upper yoke as an auxiliary means of generating crushing pressure. This 1 preferably accomplish by utilizing the angularity of the pivoted supports for the bearings, so that the weight carried by themtends to force the lower rolls outwardly against the inner face of the ring, and preferably also by supporting the lower bearings by pivotal connections so disposed that the tendency of these to fall under their weight is resisted by the pivotal support in such way as to so use the weight. As shown, this is done by supporting each lower yoke by links G G which are fulcruined to the casing and to the yoke so that they mcvably support the yoke from the casing, and tend to move the yoke outwardly as the links are depressed.

. In machines of this character the crushing pressure has been carried on the bearings. When the machine is empty, the rolls run directly against the face of the ring, but when material is fed on to the inner face the rolls are more or less separated from this face by the thickness of the layer of material being crushed which rests on the face. The greater this thickness the greater the crushing pressure to be resisted by the bearings. My invention provides means for relieving the bearings of part of this work, and means for transmitting the resistance of the work being done by one roll to the other rolls as a crushing force. I prefer to do this by interposing between each two of the rolls or a part carrying them, an intermediate roll K against which 1 the crushing rolls may run intermittently or continuously. -While any intermediate roll K may be utilized as a driver for all the other rolls, I prefer to make each a mere idler as shown, carrying it on a light shaft 0 extending through the die and supported by auxiliary bearings L from the shafts of the adjacent rolls, so that it is normally in contact with the latter or slightly out of contact with the two adjacent rolls, as desired, but in such position that it will be engaged by these in case either moves inward a predetermined distance. In such case the intermediate rolls K will be poised between the crushing rolls so as to dis tribute to each an equal pressure, and will run as an idler or anti-friction roll between them, transmitting the thrust of each to the others, and correspondingly relieving the bearings of each. The intermediate roll is o'shaft is preferably car ied in hinged bearings L or otherwise freely mounted so that it can adapt itself to variations in the relative positions of the crushing rolls, and thus compensate for the lack of uniformity in their relative movement. It may be a single solid roll of suitable peripheral contour to properly coact with the portion of the other rolls, or their shafts, with which it contacts. Its perfectly small enough to flex slightly in order to enable it to yield in working. This intermediate roll makes it possible to so construct the machine that all the crushing strains are consumed within 5 the ring and rolls. so that the bearings may serve as mere guides for the crushing rolls. It greatly reduces friction and outside strains, and where desired, enables the elimination of independent crushing pressure such as that generated by springs and weights. For some uses this will be a convenient provision, as it enables the absolute limitation of movement of the crushing rolls inwardly and the connecting bearings permit such limitation outwardly in cases where outward movement would be objectionable. In such cases the bearings of each two rolls will be connected to the shaft 0 of the intermediate roll, so that all these rolls will be held in certain relation thereto.

This wlll be useful particularly where granulation and the avoidance of fines is desired. This part of my invention provides for mechanically transmitting the inward thrust of each roll to one or all the other rolls, or for definitely locating the rolls and ring as to clearance for the passage of material being crushed.

In crushers of this type the ring is generally provided with a concave crushing face,

and the rolls with convex faces.

in operation. the ring and rolls will be driven to make the side of the ring near the feed end of the casing move in a downward direction, and at sufficient speed to cause the material to be crushed to be held on the inner face of the ring by centrifugal force. The feed will enter through the chutes, fall on to the inner face of the ring, and be so crushed it passes the rolls. The speed of feed will be adjusted to approximately maintam a predetermined depth of material on the lnner face of the ring. If the machine 18 to run without using the intermediate roll K the latter will be adjusted out of action or removed, ant the weight of the crushing parts alone, or the tension of the crushing springs alone, or both combined, will be used to produce the crushing power.

In operation, when the top roll is mounted free to move, it will be adjusted vertically to the desired position. The other rolls will be pressed against the ring by their weight acting through their swinging supporting links G G or by the weight of the top roll acting through the rolls K or by both, or by their pressure springs, as desired. The direction of drive of the top shaft will be such that the top of the ring will move toward the feed roller C Feed will be delivered by the feeders through the feed spouts, and will be discharged on the inner face of the ring in front of the feed roll. The material fed will travel around with the ring and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The latter will move inwardly and outwardly according to the depth of material on the inner face of the ring, and will follow the movements of the ring. The speed of feed will be suitably adjusted. In case of an unusually heavy feed, the rolls will move toward each other until the thrust rolls K are in contact with the crushing rolls, whereupon the thrust rolls will revolve with them and transmit much of the thrust from each to the others, correspondingly relieving the shaft bearings of pressure. As the ring lowers with wear of the top roll, the top yoke will be moved by its adjusting screw. The two parts of the thrust rolls will be adjusted inwardly to make up for wear on the other rolls. The thrust rolls will bear on th eedges of the other rolls, instead of on their centers, as the edges are less liable to wear than is the middle part of each roll.

It will be seen that my invention provides improvements which can be variously and advantageously availed of, and it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular combination of features and details of construction or arrangement herein described as constituting its preferred form, but that it can be employed in whole or in part according to such modifications as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Any number of crushing rolls and thrust rolls may be used, but the preferred form is one in which three thrust rolls are used. one between each of the crushing rolls, and all rolls are connected by links.

As shown, the top yoke is yieldingly mounted and guided by the links G, and is connected to the two lower rolls by the links L depending from its bearing shaft and connected to the bearing shafts of the lower rolls, so that separation of the rolls is limited and the thrust of each roll is transmitted to the others through the links L and through the intermediate thrust rolls.

As shown. the outer end of each lower yoke is additionally guided by a link H. which is fulcrumed to the lower casing at I and to the yoke at J, so that it movably supports this end of the yoke from the casing and tends to move the end of the yoke outwardly as the outer end of the link is depressed. To carry the link H, the yoke is formed with ears to to which the link is pivoted, and the base is formed with ears a; to which the link is pivoted.

What I claim is 1. The combination with a revolving annular die and a plurality of crushing rolls therein, and means for driving one of said parts relatively to the others, of non-rotary means on which said rolls are rotatively mounted, and means in the plane of the axes of two of said rolls for transmitting the inward strain of said rolls directly from one to the other.

2. The combination with a revolving annular die and a plurality of crushing rolls therein and means for driving one of said parts relatively to the other, of movable nonrotary means on which said rolls are rotatively mounted, and a movable connection between the shafts of said rolls for transmitting the inward stress of one to another.

3. In comb'nation, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls movable downwardly and outwardly away from one an other within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary means carrying said axles or studs respectively, and compression means disposed intermediate of said non-rotary means and in a horizontal plane parallel with the plane of said axles or studs holding said rolls outwai'dly away from one another to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

l. The combination with an annular die and a plurality of crushing rolls therein, of means for driving one of said parts relatively to the others, non-rotary means connecting two of said rolls together and a compression roll between said crushing rolls.

5. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and ec centric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, one mounted near the upper part of said die and the other mounted near the lower part thereof and movable downwardly and outwardly therein, means for revolving one of said parts, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary means carrying said axles or studs respectively, and compression means disposed intermediate of said nonrotary means and in an inclined plane parallel with the plane of said axles or studs for holding said lower roll downwardly to resist a crushing pressure. from the inner face of said die reacting upwardly toward said upper non-rotary means.

6. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, one of said rolls disosed near the upper part of said die and the others of said rolls disposed near the lower part thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary means carrying the axle or stud of said upper roll, movable non-rotary means carrying the axles or studs of said lower rolls respectively, and divergently acting compression members disposed at the side of said rolls intermediate of said nonrotary means respectively, and acting downwardly and outw rdly towardthe axles or studs of said lower rolls respectively, and upwardly and inwardly toward the axle or stud of said upper roll for holding said rolls outwardly away from one another to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

7. In combination, a crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, nonrotary means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, and revolving means mounted in the plane of the axes of said rolls and transmitting the inward stress of one to the other.

8. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentrio of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, relatively movable non-rotary means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, means connecting said rolls to each other, and a thrust roll between said rolls transmitting the stress of one to the other.

9. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, and a roll intermediate of said means for transmitting the stress of said rolls toward each other from one to the other.

10. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the innerv face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, a roll intermediate of said means limiting movement of said rolls toward one another, and means limiting movement of said rolls away from one another.

11. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls Within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means. for revolving one of said parts, non-rotary means on Which said rolls are rotatably mounted, and a roll mounted on said means and limiting movement of said rolls toward one another.

12. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two

rotatable crushing rolls Within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, movable means movable toward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and a roll intermediate of and rotatable and movable relatively to said movable means and transmitting the stress of said rolls toward one another from one to the other.

13. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotary means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, and a roll intermetloptes of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing diate of said means and disposed approximately in the plane of the axes of said rolls resisting the stress of each of said crushing rolls toward the other.

14. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and a rotatable roll intermediate of each of said non-rotary means for limiting movement of said crushing rolls toward one another.

15. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two or more rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, carrying means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, a roll intermediate of said carrying means of two adjacent crushing rolls, and a swinging member or link on which said intermediate roll is rotatably mounted.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE H. FRASER.

Witnesses:

SIGVARD G. HELLEM, HARRY M. BRAND.

the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. d. 

